Sulh Dalam Fikih Jinayah: Basis Teoretis Untuk Restorative Justice Dan Diversi Dalam Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Ringan
Keywords:
Sulh, Restorative Justice, Fiqh Jinayah, Minor Criminal Offenses, DiversionAbstract
This research aims to analyze the conceptual relevance and philosophical implementation of the Sulh (Peace/Settlement) principle in Fiqh Jinayah (Islamic Criminal Jurisprudence) as a theoretical foundation for the Restorative Justice (RJ) approach in resolving minor criminal offenses. The concept of Sulh in Islamic Criminal Law (ICL) focuses on conflict resolution outside the formal court system, prioritizing reconciliation and the restoration of victim harm. Employing a qualitative approach with a normative legal research method, data was collected through document study and comparative analysis of classic Fiqh Jinayah literature and positive legal regulations (the Juvenile Criminal Justice Law and the RJ concept). The research findings indicate that Sulh serves as a highly relevant legal umbrella for RJ, especially in Ta'zir and waivable Qishash offenses. The practice of Sulh underpins the core principles of RJ: victim and offender participation, restoration of harm, and prevention of recidivism. The study concludes that ICL, through Sulh, is not solely oriented toward retributive punishment but also toward restorative justice, making it a strong and historical theoretical basis for Diversion in the contemporary criminal justice system.
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